Geometry



  • A Tale on Differential Geometry.

  • Jacoby identity and intersection of heights of the triangle.

  • We show that the fact that three heights of triangle intersect at the one point follows from the Jacoby identity for cross-product.
  • Mercator projection and navigation.

  • We show relation between Mercator projection and function Logarithm. (in Russian) (This etude is the part of my article with Sasha Borovik: A. Borovik, O.M. Khudaverdian. Merkator projection, logarithm and...(in Russian) Matematiqeskoe Prosvewe- nie no. 14 (2010), 58–82. )
  • Teorema Egregium and determinant of Shape operator = pfaffian of the curvature.

  • We study shape operator for surface of codimension 1 in Euclidean space and show why for even-dimensional surface Gaussian curvature is invariant of isometries.
  • On one subset in SO(3) and the Euler Theorem

  • The group SO(3) have a memory about projective space.. (This etude was initiated many many years ago by S.Borovik after remarkable seminar)
  • Projective transformations: pedestrian's point of view

  • We try to answer on the question: why an arbitrary transformation which transforms straight lines to straight lines are projective trasnformations. Our considerations are elementary.
  • Cube and tetrahedron are not equipartial

  • It is elementary geometrical fact that two polygons of equal area are equipartial. It is deep result of XX-th centure mathematics that cube and tetrahedron of equal volumes are not equipartial (Hilbert's problem). In other words one does not need Calculus to find the volume of triangle and one does need Calculus to find the volume of tetrahedron (22.04.09). (I corrected erratum and added Remark on 28.12.13)
  • Globall affine connection on manifold

  • Explicit formula defining globally affine connection on manifold (without use of existence of Riemannian metric) is presented. (22.02.10)
  • Schwarzian and...normal gauging conditions

  • We discuss here one of possible definitions of Schwarzian. (26.06.12)
  • Killings of sphere in stereographic projection (Runge-lentz-Laplace like vectors) and geodesics

  • We present here nice calculations of Killings of sphere which possess information of Runge-Lentz vectors for Coulomb problem . (28.02.13)
  • Duistermaat-Heckman localisation formula and...

  • We discuss here one integral which reveals the basic properties of localisation formula. (12.10.13)
  • Duistermaat-Heckman localisation formula II

  • It is very natural to formulate Duistermaat-Heckman localisation formula in the language of "supermathematics". We discuss here this formulation and give an idea of proof of Duistermaat-Heckman formula in this approach. This text is the continuation of the previous etude. (28.10.13)
  • On calculation of some surface integrals

  • We consider here geometrical nature of some surface integrals. (06.11.13)
  • Chebyshev approximation and Helly's Theorem

  • This is sketch of the lecture "Galois group" for students (see also the file "Chebyshev approx...." in subsection "Algebra" of Etudes)(26.11.13)
  • On one property of conics

  • If $C$ is a circle then the set of points which are verticis of circular cone over $C$ is a line passing through the centre of this circle. How looks this locus in the case if $C$ is just an arbitrary quadric on the plane? In this etude I try to asnwer this question which I heard from Gabor Megyesi (Autumn 14). Comment (Spring 2017): In the file above doing hard calculations three years ago I came to very beautiful answer: Let $C$ be an ellipse (hyperbola) with foci at the points $F_1,F_2$. Then take the plane orthogonal to the curve $C$ which passes through the foci. Consider cofocal hyperbola (ellipse) $C^*$ in this plane, i.e. the hyperbola (ellispe) which passes via foci $F_1,F_2$ and has foci at the points $F_1^*,F_2^*$ which are intersection of $F_1F_2$ with intial curve $C$. Answer is very beautiful. Just two days ago I found very short and elegant explanation of this fact, using Dandelen spheres: If a point $K$ belongs to the locus then consider triangle $KF_1^*F_2^*$ and the Dandelen circle in this triangle which touches the edge $F_1^*F_2^*$ at the point $F_1$, we see that difference of the sides $KF_1^*$ and $KF_2^*$ is exactly equal to the difference of the segments $F_1^*F_1$ and $F_1F_2^*$. Thus $K$ belongs to this hyperbola (we suppose that $C$ is ellipse.) THis is really short and beautiful.
  • One beautiful proof on Ptolem's Theorem

  • It becomes fashionable to quote the Ptolemy's Theorem during ``presentation'' talk on cluster algebras. This proof of Ptolemy's Theorem I heard from Anna Felikson (Durham University). (21.05.15)
  • Stereographic map as a restriction of inversion map

  • Stereographic projection has many beautiflu properties. This is nice to see that this is a restriction of more elementary map, invrsion. (29.01.17)
  • Hidden hyperbolicity

  • I consider here the problem which looks as a standard not very easy question in Euclidean geometry, but it has beatiful interpretation in terms of hyperbolic geometry (22.06.17)
  • Conic sections and Kepler's law. Newton---Lagrange---Givental

  • Orbits planets are ellipses. Can we explain it without caclulus? (18.07.17)
  • On one triple

  • We make a bridge between vector field and Poisson bracket including these structures in the triple... (10.12.17)
  • Conic sections and a pursuit problem

  • We consider a solution of an elementary "pursuit" problem using conic sections (14.04.18)
  • Determimant and product of edges of parallelogram

  • We consider a simple and beautiful inequality on determinants (12.06.18)
  • Distance between points in hyperbolic plane

  • We discuss the formula for distance in half-plane model of Lobachevsky geometry (26.06.18)
  • Infinitesimal ``Legendre''

  • We discuss how looks infinitesimal transformation of contact space which generates Legendre transformation, and apply it to Clairaut equation (04.05.19)
  • Again on localisation

  • We return again to localisation (see notes in 2013). Here I try to fomulate localisation principle in a more `rational' way (12.10.19)
  • On orthocentre...

  • We return to one question in stereometry which I was thinking about over 30 years ago. Surprisingly it is related with orthocentre. (16.06.20)
  • Geometrical object.

  • We return to the definition of geometrical obejct. We learned it long ago, but I understood it much later. (24.09.20)